Women’s Brain Book Bibliography

This is the complete list of references cited in the fully updated and revised second edition of The Women’s Brain Book (2025); we’re gradually adding hyperlinks where available for further reading and exploration.

1.           Pletzer BA, Kerschbaum HH. 50 years of hormonal contraception – time to find out, what it does to our brain. Front Neurosci. 2014;(8 JUL). doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00256

2.           Wibowo E, Wassersug RJ. Multiple Orgasms in Men—What We Know So Far. Sex Med Rev. 2016;4(2):136-148. doi:10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.12.004

3.           Hoekzema E, Barba-Müller E, Pozzobon C, et al. Pregnancy leads to long-lasting changes in human brain structure. Nat Neurosci. 2017;20(2):287-296. doi:10.1038/nn.4458

4.           Pritschet L, Santander T, Taylor CM, et al. Functional reorganization of brain networks across the human menstrual cycle. Neuroimage. 2020;220:117091. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117091

5.           Mosconi L, Berti V, Dyke J, et al. Menopause impacts human brain structure, connectivity, energy metabolism, and amyloid-beta deposition. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90084-y

6.           Clayton JA. Studying both sexes: a guiding principle for biomedicine. The FASEB Journal. 2016;30(2):519-524. doi:10.1096/fj.15-279554

7.           Beery AK, Zucker I. Sex bias in neuroscience and biomedical research. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011;35(3):565-572. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.07.002

8.           Jacobs EG. Only 0.5% of neuroscience studies look at women’s health. Here’s how to change that. Nature. 2023;623(7988):667-667. doi:10.1038/d41586-023-03614-1

9.           Kaluve AM, Le JT, Graham BM. Female rodents are not more variable than male rodents: A meta-analysis of preclinical studies of fear and anxiety. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022;143:104962. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104962

10.        Weigard A, Loviska AM, Beltz AM. Little evidence for sex or ovarian hormone influences on affective variability. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):20925. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-00143-7

11.        Shanmugan S, Seidlitz J, Cui Z, et al. Sex differences in the functional topography of association networks in youth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2022;119(33). doi:10.1073/pnas.2110416119

12.        Garcia-Sifuentes Y, Maney DL. Reporting and misreporting of sex differences in the biological sciences. Elife. 2021;10. doi:10.7554/eLife.70817

13.        Rippon G. Blame the Brain: How neuro-nonsense joined psychobabble to keep women in their place. In: Lecture to the Royal Institution. The Royal Institution; 2016.

14.        Cahill L. An issue whose time has come. J Neurosci Res. 2017;95(1-2):12-13. doi:10.1002/jnr.23972

15.        Jacobs E. OHBM 2023 Keynote Interview Series: Emily Jacobs. Organization for Human Brain Mapping . Published online 2023.

16.        Carey JL, Nader N, Chai PR, Carreiro S, Griswold MK, Boyle KL. Drugs and Medical Devices: Adverse Events and the Impact on Women’s Health. Clin Ther. 2017;39(1):10-22. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.12.009

17.        Graham BM, Tannenbaum C, Witt A, et al. The power—and complexity—of policy to drive advances in women’s health. Sci Adv. 2025;11(10). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adt0576

18.        Woitowich NC, Beery A, Woodruff T. A 10-year follow-up study of sex inclusion in the biological sciences. Elife. 2020;9. doi:10.7554/eLife.56344

19.        McCarthy MM. Estradiol and the Developing Brain. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(1):91-134. doi:10.1152/physrev.00010.2007

20.        Williams CM, Peyre H, Toro R, Ramus F. Neuroanatomical norms in the <scp>UK</scp> Biobank: The impact of allometric scaling, sex, and age. Hum Brain Mapp. 2021;42(14):4623-4642. doi:10.1002/hbm.25572

21.        Eliot L, Ahmed A, Khan H, Patel J. Dump the “dimorphism”: Comprehensive synthesis of human brain studies reveals few male-female differences beyond size. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021;125:667-697. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.026

22.        Joel D, Berman Z, Tavor I, et al. Sex beyond the genitalia: The human brain mosaic. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2015;112(50):15468-15473. doi:10.1073/pnas.1509654112

23.        McCarthy MM. Sex Differences in the Brain. The Scientist. Published online 2015.

24.        Ezkurdia I, Juan D, Rodriguez JM, et al. Multiple evidence strands suggest that there may be as few as 19 000 human protein-coding genes. Hum Mol Genet. 2014;23(22):5866-5878. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddu309

25.        Bronson SL, Bale TL. The Placenta as a Mediator of Stress Effects on Neurodevelopmental Reprogramming. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41(1):207-218. doi:10.1038/npp.2015.231

26.        Blom HJ, Shaw GM, den Heijer M, Finnell RH. Neural tube defects and folate: case far from closed. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006;7(9):724-731. doi:10.1038/nrn1986

27.        Koopman P, Gubbay J, Vivian N, Goodfellow P, Lovell-Badge R. Male development of chromosomally female mice transgenic for Sry. Nature. 1991;351(6322):117-121. doi:10.1038/351117a0

28.        Graves J. Differences between men and women are more than the sum of their genes. The Conversation. Published online 2015.

29.        Bakker J, De Mees C, Douhard Q, et al. Alpha-fetoprotein protects the developing female mouse brain from masculinization and defeminization by estrogens. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9(2):220-226. doi:10.1038/nn1624

30.        Sacks O. The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat. Picador Classic; 1985.

31.        Spalding KL, Bergmann O, Alkass K, et al. Dynamics of Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Adult Humans. Cell. 2013;153(6):1219-1227. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.002

32.        UNICEF. Early Moments Matter For Every Child.; 2017.

33.        Likhar A, Patil MS. Importance of Maternal Nutrition in the First 1,000 Days of Life and Its Effects on Child Development: A Narrative Review. Cureus. Published online October 8, 2022. doi:10.7759/cureus.30083

34.        Seckl JR, Holmes MC. Mechanisms of Disease: glucocorticoids, their placental metabolism and fetal “programming” of adult pathophysiology. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2007;3(6):479-488. doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0515

35.        DiPietro JA, Novak MFSX, Costigan KA, Atella LD, Reusing SP. Maternal Psychological Distress During Pregnancy in Relation to Child Development at Age Two. Child Dev. 2006;77(3):573-587. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00891.x

36.        Lafortune S, Laplante DP, Elgbeili G, et al. Effect of Natural Disaster-Related Prenatal Maternal Stress on Child Development and Health: A Meta-Analytic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16):8332. doi:10.3390/ijerph18168332

37.        King S, Laplante DP. The effects of prenatal maternal stress on children’s cognitive development: Project Ice Storm. Stress. 2005;8(1):35-45. doi:10.1080/10253890500108391

38.        Bethlehem RAI, Seidlitz J, White SR, et al. Brain charts for the human lifespan. Nature. 2022;604(7906):525-533. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04554-y

39.        Schilling KG, Chad JA, Chamberland M, et al. White matter tract microstructure, macrostructure, and associated cortical gray matter morphology across the lifespan. Imaging Neuroscience. 2023;1:1-24. doi:10.1162/imag_a_00050

40.        Sydnor VJ, Larsen B, Seidlitz J, et al. Intrinsic activity development unfolds along a sensorimotor–association cortical axis in youth. Nat Neurosci. 2023;26(4):638-649. doi:10.1038/s41593-023-01282-y

41.        Petitto LA, Marentette PF. Babbling in the Manual Mode: Evidence for the Ontogeny of Language. Science (1979). 1991;251(5000):1493-1496. doi:10.1126/science.2006424

42.        Belsky J, Caspi A, Moffitt T, Poulton R. The Origins of You. Harvard University Press; 2020.

43.        Caspi A, Houts RM, Belsky DW, et al. Childhood forecasting of a small segment of the population with large economic burden. Nat Hum Behav. 2017;1(1):0005. doi:10.1038/s41562-016-0005

44.        Sonuga-Barke EJS, Kennedy M, Kumsta R, et al. Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation: the young adult follow-up of the longitudinal English and Romanian Adoptees study. The Lancet. 2017;389(10078):1539-1548. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30045-4

45.        Brieant A, Vannucci A, Nakua H, et al. Characterizing the dimensional structure of early-life adversity in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2023;61:101256. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101256

46.        Beck D, Whitmore L, MacSweeney N, et al. Dimensions of Early-Life Adversity Are Differentially Associated With Patterns of Delayed and Accelerated Brain Maturation. Biol Psychiatry. 2025;97(1):64-72. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.07.019

47.        Colich NL, Rosen ML, Williams ES, McLaughlin KA. Biological aging in childhood and adolescence following experiences of threat and deprivation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2020;146(9):721-764. doi:10.1037/bul0000270

48.        Tonon AC, Ramos-Lima LF, Kuhathasan N, Frey BN. Early Life Trauma, Emotion Dysregulation and Hormonal Sensitivity Across Female Reproductive Life Events. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2024;26(10):530-542. doi:10.1007/s11920-024-01527-y

49.        Liberty K, Tarren-Sweeney M, Macfarlane S, Basu A, Reid J. Behavior Problems and Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in Children Beginning School: A Comparison of Pre- and Post-Earthquake Groups. PLoS Curr. Published online 2016. doi:10.1371/currents.dis.2821c82fbc27d0c2aa9e00cff532b402

50.        Heetkamp T. Adolescent PTSD and Resilience After Earthquakes PTSD and Resilience in Adolescents after New Zealand Earthquakes Adolescent PTSD and Resilience after New Zealand Earthquakes. Vol 44.; 2015.

51.        Lambert S, Mark-Shadbolt M, Ataria J, Black A. The Maori response to the 2010 and 2011 Christchurch Otautahi earthquakes. Published online 2012. http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/

52.        Beaglehole B. The Psychological Impacts of the Canterbury Earthquakes Canterbury Disaster Research with Context Provided by a Systematic Review of the Psychological Impacts of Natural Disasters on Mental Health. University of Otago; 2022.

53.        Saker Z, Rizk M, Merie D, et al. Insight into brain sex differences of typically developed infants and brain pathologies: A systematic review. European Journal of Neuroscience. 2024;60(1):3491-3504. doi:10.1111/ejn.16364

54.        Dean DC, Planalp EM, Wooten W, et al. Investigation of brain structure in the 1-month infant. Brain Struct Funct. 2018;223(4):1953-1970. doi:10.1007/s00429-017-1600-2

55.        Keller AS, Sun KY, Francisco A, et al. Reproducible Sex Differences in Personalized Functional Network Topography in Youth. Published online September 29, 2024. doi:10.1101/2024.09.26.615061

56.        Shanmugan S. Towards Personalized Reproductive Psychiatry: Leveraging Precision Functional Mapping. In: Ann S. Bowers Women’s Brain Health Initiative. ; 2024.

57.        Zugman A, Alliende LM, Medel V, et al. Country-level gender inequality is associated with structural differences in the brains of women and men. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023;120(20). doi:10.1073/pnas.2218782120

58.        Avila‐Rieger JF, Adkins‐Jackson PB, Hill‐Jarrett TG, et al. Early life exposure to structural sexism and late‐life memory trajectories among black and white women and men in the United States. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. Published online December 18, 2024. doi:10.1002/alz.14410

59.        Lonsdorf E V. Sex differences in nonhuman primate behavioral development. J Neurosci Res. 2017;95(1-2):213-221. doi:10.1002/jnr.23862

60.        Hines M. Human gender development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020;118:89-96. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.018

61.        Eliot L,. Pink Brain, Blue Brain: How Small Differences Grow Into Troublesome Gaps – And What We Can Do About It. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt; 2010.

62.        Hanish LD, Fabes RA. Peer socialization of gender in young boys and girls. In: Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development. ; 2014.

63.        Leman PJ, Tenenbaum HR. Practising gender: Children’s relationships and the development of gendered behaviour and beliefs. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 2011;29(2):153-157. doi:10.1111/j.2044-835X.2011.02032.x

64.        Tenenbaum HR, Ford S, Alkhedairy B. Telling stories: Gender differences in peers’ emotion talk and communication style. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 2011;29(4):707-721. doi:10.1348/2044-835X.002003

65.        Robles de Medina PG, Visser GHA, Huizink AC, Buitelaar JK, Mulder EJH. Fetal behaviour does not differ between boys and girls. Early Hum Dev. 2003;73(1-2):17-26. doi:10.1016/S0378-3782(03)00047-1

66.        Aznar A, Tenenbaum HR. Gender and age differences in parent–child emotion talk. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 2015;33(1):148-155. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12069

67.        von Stumm S, Chamorro‐Premuzic T, Furnham A. Decomposing self‐estimates of intelligence: Structure and sex differences across 12 nations. British Journal of Psychology. 2009;100(2):429-442. doi:10.1348/000712608X357876

68.        Napp C, Breda T. The stereotype that girls lack talent: A worldwide investigation. Sci Adv. 2022;8(10). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm3689

69.        Bian L, Leslie SJ, Cimpian A. Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children’s interests. Science (1979). 2017;355(6323):389-391. doi:10.1126/science.aah6524

70.        Zhao S, Setoh P, Storage D, Cimpian A. The acquisition of the gender‐brilliance stereotype: Age trajectory, relation to parents’ stereotypes, and intersections with race/ethnicity. Child Dev. 2022;93(5). doi:10.1111/cdev.13809

71.        Stephens-Davidowitz S. Google, Tell Me. Is My Son a Genius? New York Times. 2014.

72.        Lionetti F, Aron A, Aron EN, Burns GL, Jagiellowicz J, Pluess M. Dandelions, tulips and orchids: evidence for the existence of low-sensitive, medium-sensitive and high-sensitive individuals. Transl Psychiatry. 2018;8(1):24. doi:10.1038/s41398-017-0090-6

73.        Pluess M, Assary E, Lionetti F, et al. Environmental sensitivity in children: Development of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale and identification of sensitivity groups. Dev Psychol. 2018;54(1):51-70. doi:10.1037/dev0000406

74.        Harvard. The Science of Resilience (InBrief). . Harvard Center on the Developing Child.

75.        Cooke K. Girl Stuff 8-12 . Viking; 2016.

76.        Byrne ML, Whittle S, Vijayakumar N, Dennison M, Simmons JG, Allen NB. A systematic review of adrenarche as a sensitive period in neurobiological development and mental health. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2017;25:12-28. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2016.12.004

77.        Whittle S, Simmons JG, Byrne ML, et al. Associations between early adrenarche, affective brain function and mental health in children. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2015;10(9):1282-1290. doi:10.1093/scan/nsv014

78.        Mundy LK, Romaniuk H, Canterford L, et al. Adrenarche and the Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Late Childhood. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2015;57(6):608-616. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.09.001

79.        Witchel SF, Plant TM. Neurobiology of puberty and its disorders. In: ; 2021:463-496. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-820683-6.00033-6

80.        Wohlfahrt-Veje C, Mouritsen A, Hagen CP, et al. Pubertal Onset in Boys and Girls Is Influenced by Pubertal Timing of Both Parents. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101(7):2667-2674. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-1073

81.        Comninos A, Dhillo W. Kisspeptin: the master regulator of reproduction? Endocrinologist. 2018;128.

82.        Seminara SB, Crowley Jr WF. Kisspeptin and GPR54: Discovery of a Novel Pathway in Reproduction. J Neuroendocrinol. 2008;20(6):727-731. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2826.2008.01731.x

83.        de Roux N, Genin E, Carel JC, Matsuda F, Chaussain JL, Milgrom E. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to loss of function of the KiSS1-derived peptide receptor GPR54. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2003;100(19):10972-10976. doi:10.1073/pnas.1834399100

84.        Herman-Giddens ME, Slora EJ, Wasserman RC, et al. Secondary Sexual Characteristics and Menses in Young Girls Seen in Office Practice: A Study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings Network. Pediatrics. 1997;99(4):505-512. doi:10.1542/peds.99.4.505

85.        Vijayakumar N, Husin HM, Dashti SG, et al. Characterization of Puberty in an Australian Population-Based Cohort Study. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2024;74(4):665-673. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.08.035

86.        Lunddorf LLH, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Arendt LH, et al. Characteristics of Puberty in a Population-Based Sample of Danish Adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2024;74(4):657-664. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.10.005

87.        Eckert-Lind C, Busch AS, Petersen JH, et al. Worldwide Secular Trends in Age at Pubertal Onset Assessed by Breast Development Among Girls. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;174(4):e195881. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.5881

88.        Roddick C, Harris M, Hofman PL. The Metabolic Programming of Pubertal Onset. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). Published online October 3, 2024. doi:10.1111/cen.15138

89.        Calcaterra V, Cena H, Loperfido F, et al. Evaluating Phthalates and Bisphenol in Foods: Risks for Precocious Puberty and Early-Onset Obesity. Nutrients. 2024;16(16):2732. doi:10.3390/nu16162732

90.        Belsky J, Steinberg L, Draper P. Childhood Experience, Interpersonal Development, and Reproductive Strategy: An Evolutionary Theory of Socialization. Child Dev. 1991;62(4):647-670. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01558.x

91.        MacSweeney N, Allardyce J, Edmondson-Stait A, et al. The role of brain structure in the association between pubertal timing and depression risk in an early adolescent sample (the ABCD Study®): A registered report. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2023;60:101223. doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101223

92.        van Rijn R, Lee NC, Hollarek M, et al. The Effect of Relative Pubertal Maturation and Perceived Popularity on Symptoms of Depression and Social Anxiety in Adolescent Boys and Girls. J Youth Adolesc. 2023;52(11):2384-2403. doi:10.1007/s10964-023-01836-0

93.        Lu D, Aleknaviciute J, Bjarnason R, Tamimi RM, Valdimarsdóttir UA, Bertone-Johnson ER. Pubertal development and risk of premenstrual disorders in young adulthood. Human Reproduction. 2021;36(2):455-464. doi:10.1093/humrep/deaa309

94.        Luo D, Dashti SG, Sawyer SM, Vijayakumar N. Pubertal hormones and mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review of population-based studies. EClinicalMedicine. 2024;76:102828. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102828

95.        Balzer BWR, Duke SA, Hawke CI, Steinbeck KS. The effects of estradiol on mood and behavior in human female adolescents: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2015;174(3):289-298. doi:10.1007/s00431-014-2475-3

96.        Boivin JR, Piekarski DJ, Wahlberg JK, Wilbrecht L. Age, sex, and gonadal hormones differently influence anxiety- and depression-related behavior during puberty in mice. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017;85:78-87. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.08.009

97.        BeyondBlue. Parenting and mental health. Parenting and mental health. 2024. Accessed February 27, 2025. https://www.beyondblue.org.au/mental-health/parenting

98.        Vijayakumar N, Whittle S. A systematic review into the role of pubertal timing and the social environment in adolescent mental health problems. Clin Psychol Rev. 2023;102:102282. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102282

99.        Munawar K, Kuhn SK, Haque S. Understanding the reminiscence bump: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2018;13(12):e0208595. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0208595

100.     Angier N. Woman: An Intimate Geography. Houghton Mifflin; 1999.

101.     Sawyer SM, Azzopardi PS, Wickremarathne D, Patton GC. The age of adolescence. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018;2(3):223-228. doi:10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30022-1

102.     Choudhury S, McKinney KA, Merten M. Rebelling against the brain: Public engagement with the ‘neurological adolescent.’ Soc Sci Med. 2012;74(4):565-573. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.10.029

103.     Altikulaç S, Lee NC, van der Veen C, Benneker I, Krabbendam L, van Atteveldt N. The Teenage Brain: Public Perceptions of Neurocognitive Development during Adolescence. J Cogn Neurosci. 2019;31(3):339-359. doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01332

104.     Vijayakumar N, Op de Macks Z, Shirtcliff EA, Pfeifer JH. Puberty and the human brain: Insights into adolescent development. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;92:417-436. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.004

105.     Giedd JN. The Amazing Teen Brain. Sci Am. 2015;312(6):32-37. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0615-32

106.     Damour L. Untangled: Guiding Teenage Girls through the Seven Transitions into Adulthood. . Penguin Random House; 2016.

107.     Zuckerman M. Behavioral Expressions and Biosocial Bases of Sensation Seeking. . Cambridge University Press; 1994.

108.     Byrnes JP, Miller DC, Schafer WD. Gender differences in risk taking: A meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 1999;125(3):367-383. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.367

109.     Gardner M, Steinberg L. Peer Influence on Risk Taking, Risk Preference, and Risky Decision Making in Adolescence and Adulthood: An Experimental Study. Dev Psychol. 2005;41(4):625-635. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.41.4.625

110.     Williams KD, Nida SA. Ostracism. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2011;20(2):71-75. doi:10.1177/0963721411402480

111.     Sebastian CL, Tan GCY, Roiser JP, Viding E, Dumontheil I, Blakemore SJ. Developmental influences on the neural bases of responses to social rejection: Implications of social neuroscience for education. Neuroimage. 2011;57(3):686-694. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.09.063

112.     Somerville LH. The Teenage Brain. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2013;22(2):121-127. doi:10.1177/0963721413476512

113.     Elkind D, Bowen R. Imaginary audience behavior in children and adolescents. Dev Psychol. 1979;15(1):38-44. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.15.1.38

114.     Solmi M, Radua J, Olivola M, et al. Age at onset of mental disorders worldwide: large-scale meta-analysis of 192 epidemiological studies. Mol Psychiatry. 2022;27(1):281-295. doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01161-7

115.     Blakemore SJ. Covid “iso” and the teen brain. Radio National: Big Ideas. Published online 2021.

116.     McGorry PD, Mei C, Dalal N, et al. The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on youth mental health. Lancet Psychiatry. 2024;11(9):731-774. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(24)00163-9

117.     Orben A, Przybylski AK, Blakemore SJ, Kievit RA. Windows of developmental sensitivity to social media. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):1649. doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29296-3

118.     Miller J, Mills KL, Vuorre M, Orben A, Przybylski AK. Impact of digital screen media activity on functional brain organization in late childhood: Evidence from the ABCD study. Cortex. 2023;169:290-308. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2023.09.009

119.     Przybylski AK, Orben A, Weinstein N. How Much Is Too Much? Examining the Relationship Between Digital Screen Engagement and Psychosocial Functioning in a Confirmatory Cohort Study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2020;59(9):1080-1088. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2019.06.017

120.     Egami H, Rahman MdS, Yamamoto T, Egami C, Wakabayashi T. Causal effect of video gaming on mental well-being in Japan 2020–2022. Nat Hum Behav. Published online August 19, 2024. doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01948-y

121.     McGorry P. The Lancet Psychiatry Commission on Youth Mental Health – Policy Brief. Lancet Psychiatry. Published online 2024.

122.     Beltz AM, Moser JS. Ovarian hormones: a long overlooked but critical contributor to cognitive brain structures and function. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020;1464(1):156-180. doi:10.1111/nyas.14255

123.     Pletzer B, Winkler-Crepaz K, Maria Hillerer K. Progesterone and contraceptive progestin actions on the brain: A systematic review of animal studies and comparison to human neuroimaging studies. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2023;69:101060. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101060

124.     Sundström-Poromaa I, Comasco E, Sumner R, Luders E. Progesterone – Friend or foe? Front Neuroendocrinol. 2020;59:100856. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100856

125.     Gould E, Woolley C, Frankfurt M, McEwen B. Gonadal steroids regulate dendritic spine density in hippocampal pyramidal cells in adulthood. The Journal of Neuroscience. 1990;10(4):1286-1291. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.10-04-01286.1990

126.     Dubol M, Epperson CN, Sacher J, et al. Neuroimaging the menstrual cycle: A multimodal systematic review. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2021;60:100878. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100878

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